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REPORT

                      2 SLIDE. Biodiversity is the shortened form of two words "biological" and "diversity." It refers to all the variety of life that can be found on Earth. It is the variety within and between all species of plants, animals and micro-organisms and the ecosystems within which they live and interact.

                      4 SLIDE. Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a species. Each specy is made up of individuals that have their own particular genetic composition. Within a species there may also be discrete populations with distinctive genes. To conserve the genetic diversity within a species, different populations must be conserved. This protects the genetic diversity that allows for adaptability to environmental changes and is therefore vital to species survival.

                      5 SLIDE. Species diversity refers to the variety of species within a region. The factors that determine species diversity are complex and not well understood. Species diversity is not evenly distributed around the world or across continents. Thirty-four biodiversity hotspots have been identified globally. These hotspots collectively comprise just 2.3% of the Earth’s land surface yet hold especially high numbers of species that occur nowhere else – half the world’s plant species and 42% of all terrestrial vertebrate species.

                      6 SLIDE. Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of ecosystems in a given place. Within any broader landscape there is a mosaic of interconnected ecosystems. To conserve biodiversity, conservation at the landscape level is critical. This enables the protection of a representative array of interacting ecosystems and their associated species and genetic diversity.

                      24 SLIDE

• Head of department for the supervision of the seed
• Senior clerk
• Inspector for the protection of plants and techniques
• Inspector for Environmental Protection

                25 SLIDE. First of all: a tourist destination is not just a geographical place. Before any country, area, city, town can attract tourists on a large scale, there must exist certain important facilities and services.

• Travel and transport
• Catering and accommodation
• Leisure, recreation and business facilities
• Tourism promotion and tourist information.

 

                      26 SLIDE. Cultural tourism is the subset of tourism concerned with the country or region‘s culture, especially its arts. It generally focuses on traditional communities who have diverse customs, unique form of art and distinct social practices, which basically distinguishes it from other types/forms of culture. Cultural tourism includes tourism in urban areas, particularly historical or large cities and their cultural facilities such as museums and theatres. It can also include tourism in those areas showcasing the traditions of indigenous cultural communities (i.e. festivals, rituals), and their values and lifestyles

                      27 SLIDE. Ecotourism is a form of tourism involving visiting fragile, pristine, and relatively undisturbed natural areas, intended as a low-impact and often small scale alternative to standard commercial (mass) tourism. Its purpose may be to educate the traveler, to provide funds for ecological conservation, to directly benefit the economic development and political empowerment of local communities, or to foster respect for different cultures and for human rights. Since the 1980s ecotourism has been considered a critical endeavor by environmentalists, so that future generations may experience destinations relatively untouched by human intervention. Several university programs use this description as the working definition of ecotourism.

                      33 SLIDE. A lot of the jobs involved with any kind of tourism are probably not of interest to people wishing to work in conservation such as, for example, jobs associated with travel agencies – but there are some exceptions of which the following three categories are examples:

                      Certain job titles such as Ecotourism Development Specialist, Tourism and Human Resources Advisor or Sustainable Tourism Development Manager refer to the early stages of planning and developing of an ecotourism business.

                      Your job would be to determine if a location has the potential to support sustainable tourism, what would be the biodiversity impacts of such tourism – positive and negative – and assessing the benefits for the local communities.

                      34 SLIDE. The competitiveness and sustainability of the tourism industry go hand-in-hand as the quality of tourist destinations is strongly influenced by their natural and cultural environment, and their integration into the local community.

                      Long-term sustainability requires a balance between economic, socio-cultural, and environmental sustainability. The need to reconcile economic growth and sustainable development also has an ethical dimension.

                      Because tourist destinations are increasingly called upon to measure their performance in relation to sustainability, the Commission has developed a European Tourism Indicators System as a simple method for measuring sustainability performance.

                      35 SLIDE.

• Preserving natural and cultural resources;
• Limiting negative impacts at tourist destinations, including the use of natural resources and waste production;
• Promoting the well being of the local community;
• Reducing the seasonality of demand;
• Limiting the environmental impact of tourism-related transport;
• Making tourism accessible to all;
• Improving the quality of tourism jobs.

                      37 SLIDE. Hotel managers make sure that staff meet hotel standards and guidelines for guest services. Concierges assist guests with information regarding directions, transportation, events and reservations. Luggage porters and bell persons help guests transport luggage to their room and deliver laundry, newspapers and linen to guest roo.ms. Housekeepers clean guest rooms and public hotel areas.

                      39 SLIDE. Hotel managers make sure that staff meet hotel standards and guidelines for guest services. Concierges assist guests with information regarding directions, transportation, events and reservations. Luggage porters and bell persons help guests transport luggage to their room and deliver laundry, newspapers and linen to guest rooms. Housekeepers clean guest rooms and public hotel areas.

                      40 SLIDE. Tour guides provide individual visitors sightseeing. Others find work in event planners, personnel managers.

                      41 SLIDE. Travel agents plan travel and help with reservations and recommendations. Others plan special event packages and trips. Lifeguards and fitness trainers also serve visitors in hotels and vacation destinations. Individuals may find employment as hostesses and medical staff. They may also work in food preparation as waiters and waitresses, chefs, cooks and bartenders.

                      42 SLIDE. The “Camino de Santiago” is a route used by pilgrims from around the world to reach the city of Santiago de Compostela and visit the tomb of St. James the Greater. Throughout the Middle Ages was very touristy, then it was somewhat forgotten and today has retaken a boom.

The Way of Santiago supposed to penetrate landscapes full of contrasts between plateaus and mountains, between meadows and shorelines. It is a path where natural spaces follow each other without pause. Along the way are several national parks and exceptional ecological resources, as the peaks of the Pyrenees.

                      43 SLIDE. -The most numerous professional group are the students [3532 (31,92%)]

-The fewer groups are tje athletes, the religious and the sailors.

-After the students we can find: employees 17,74%; liberals 12,65%; technicians 12,29% professors 8,93%; officials 4,90%; retirees 4,60;unemployeds 1,60%; housewives 1,59%; managers 1,50%; workers 1,46%; artists 0,80%; farmers 0,34%; priests 0,19%; sailors 0,18%; religious 0,16%; athletes 0,08%.

                      44 SLIDE.

• Portugal: 884/29%
• Germany: 819/27%
• Ireland: 329/11%
• The USA: 284/9%
• Italy: 247/8%
• UK: 163/5%
• Mexico: 120/4%
• Korea: 114/3%

                      45 SLIDE. Not long ago, only a few people would make the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in Spain. Now, over 200,000 people a year spend several grueling weeks along the route. Traditionalists turn up their noses at the crowds, but the rewards are still vast.

                      46 SLIDE.  Thanks to travel and the growing prestige of pilgrimage localities by crossing could benefit from this both in terms of trade as the hosting and feeding proliferating stalls and taverns that cater to the pilgrim.

                      Moreover, the requirement for new housing and the construction of religious buildings needed a substantial number of workers such as bricklayers, masons, carpenters and glaziers which it's undoubtedly a power factor of economic revitalization.

                      Crafts is also boosted by the increased presence of pilgrims who, thanks to their demand for products, significantly increased the level of business that could have on a population at that time.

                      Monthly and annual markets which house dating merchants eager to provide what is necessary for those who travelled the road were created.

                      Inns, hospitals and a special care for the safety of pilgrims security force were created.