Nicolae Constantin Paulescu (b. November 11, SV October 30, 1869, Bucharest - d. July 19, 1931, Bucharest) was a Romanian scientist, doctor and physiologist, professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Bucharest, who contributed to the discovery antidiabetic hormone released by the pancreas, later called insulin.

In 1990, Nicolae Paulescu was appointed post mortem member of the Romanian Academy.