Through its Electric Control Center (Cecoel), Epaña's electrical network is

responsible for the operation of the electrical system, which consists in

carrying out the necessary activities to maintain the instantaneous balance

between production and consumption, and to guarantee the continuity and Safety

of the electricity supply, ensuring that the energy produced is transported to

distribution networks with the highest quality conditions required.

To achieve this, Cecoel anticipates the amount of energy that is going to be

needed throughout the country and for this, it must handle countless data that

take into account from the weather forecasts, until the days in which the big

football stadiums will host a match, passing The strikes in the industry or the

events that will have thousands of televisions turned on at the same time,

sending the right orders to the factories to adjust their productions,

increasing or decreasing the generation of energy.

It also controls the transportation of electrical energy, from the turbines of a

plant to the distribution points of the different power companies that supply

energy to all consumers, as well as the flow of energy that is made through

international exchanges.

The interconnection between electrical systems makes it possible to guarantee

the electrical supply in a given territory when a particular system can not

generate enough energy to cover demand. This happens when there is an

extraordinary and unexpected consumption point (eg a cold wave), or when some

production centers are temporarily out of operation and do not supply power to

the system.

The Spanish electricity system is interconnected with the closest systems:

Portuguese (thus forming the Iberian electrical system), the European one across

the border with France and the one of North Africa through the Straits of

Gibraltar. In turn, the Continental European electricity system is connected

with that of the Nordic countries, with the East and the British Isles.

The distribution of wind farms mainly responds to criteria of availability of

"fuel", ie intense, constant and regular winds throughout the year. This is why

two of the traditional zones for these installations are the Galician coast of

the north and Tarifa, where the map of wind potential indicates very high

values.

The current energy model of our country has a base that is multidisciplinary, of

which wind power accounts for 11% of the total energy produced. In Spain this

type of energy has theoretically reached a capacity higher than that produced by

all of its nuclear power plants.

Spain's Electricity Network (REE) and Réseau de Transport d'Électricité (RTE)

constructed a new power line linking Spain and France to the eastern Pyrenees,

thus doubling the capacity for exchange with France and increasing security,

stability and quality Of the two countries. The interconnection will also

improve the supply quality of the Roussillon and Empordà populations, guarantee

the electricity supply necessary for the correct operation of the high-speed

train on the Spanish side, and integrate a greater Volume of renewable energy in

the grid, especially wind energy from the Iberian system. The new line links the

municipalities of Santa Llogaia (Spain), with Baixas, (France). The route of the

interconnection is buried across the Pyrenees and runs parallel to the highspeed

rail line.

The power grid is a flow, not an electricity store. Electricity is not stored

anywhere and has to always maintain a balance between demand and production. Any

mismatch by excess or defect causes a fall, a blackout.

The Spain-Morocco electricity interconnection represents one of the best

examples of the cooperation policy between Europe and the southern Mediterranean

countries, supported by the European.

The electrical infrastructures establish a bond of union that strengthens even

more the cooperation between the two countries for both Red Eléctrica de España

(REE) and its Moroccan counterpart, l'Office National de l'Electricité (ONE).

For more than ten years, energy has been flowing through the world's only

interconnection between two continents between Tarifa (Spain) and Fardioua

(Morocco). A facility which began in 1997 with a first line and the second

interconnection connection which represents progress in the development and

renewal of electrical infrastructures in Morocco and contributes significantly

to the stability of the frequency and tension of the Moroccan network, The

technical and economic exploitation of energy generation and transportation

systems in the two countries.

Preliminary studies for the project specification lasted seven years and

included seabed research to select the optimum cable route, technical and

economic studies for the choice of type of transmission, voltage level,

environmental impact of the project And the necessary budget.

The interconnection becomes the backbone of the electricity supply necessary for

the development of the southern Mediterranean countries.

The new Red Eléctrica facility links the towns of Puebla de Guzmán and Tavira in

Portugal. It goes from the Sevillian town of Guillena to Puebla de Guzmán,

connecting in this way with the new line of high tension of more than 300

kilometers of length, that connects Guillena with Almaraz, in Caceres,

throughout the whole Community of Extremadura . To improve the evacuation of the

renewable energies of the region of Beturia, and to extend the interconnections

between both countries favoring the unity of the peninsular electrical system.

The development of the construction of the line has been absolutely scrupulous

in complying with environmental measures. Among other actions, birds have been

installed along the entire line and for biological reasons, in 72% of the lines.

The voltage of the electric energy, once generated, is raised to high voltage to

reduce the losses of energy that are produced in the transport, and later it is

transformed into medium and low voltage to approach it to the final consumer

through the networks of distribution. Depending on your voltage there are:

High voltage lines (AT), between 380,000 and 132,000 V. They are used to

transport large amounts of energy over long distances.

The medium voltage lines (MT), between 132,000 and 1,000 V.

The low voltage (LV) lines, which carry energy to the point of consumption, at a

voltage lower than 1,000 V, since domestic and some industrial equipment operate

with a voltage of 380 or 220 V.

Electric network is the high voltage electric power carrier and the transmission

network manager, having the responsibility to develop, expand and maintain said

network.

The high voltage lines and more than 400 transforming stations belong to the

company Red Eléctrica de España. The medium and low voltage lines, on the other

hand, are owned by different electricity companies that distribute electricity

to the final consumer.

The electricity transport network has more than 34,500 km of high voltage lines,

to which must be added the medium and low voltage distribution lines. The total

length exceeds 600,000 km, about 15 times the perimeter of the Earth