Humanity throughout its existence has been in constant contact with nature. Targeted anthropogenic impacts on it have both positive and negative effects. Among the negative consequences of recent decades, especially with regard to scientific and technological progress, pollution of the atmosphere, water bodies, degradation of soil cover, destruction of biological resources, violation of the stability of ecological systems is becoming increasingly widespread. Today on the planet identified 36 major global problems awaiting humanity in the XXI century. The top ten include: climate change, scarcity of drinking water, deforestation / desertification, freshwater pollution, poor management, loss of biodiversity, population growth and migration, changing social values, waste management, air pollution.